LA – Toxicity

April 27, 2025

We are regularly doing blocks next to major vessels. So warn the patient of the symptoms, & keep them monitored(at least 15 min). Symptoms of… Read more

Head Injury

April 26, 2025

Background Defined as any traumatic injury to the head other than superficial facial injuries. The commonest cause of death and disability in people age 1-40… Read more

C-Spine Injury

April 26, 2025

C-spine injury ranges from the obvious fracture-dislocation to the less obvious ligamentous injury, affecting about 2.5% of blunt trauma patients. However, ALL of them are… Read more

Malignant/Accelerated Hypertension

April 26, 2025

There are several terms commonly used “Accelerated Hypertension”, “Hypertensive Emergency”, “Malignant Hypertension”. They all have a very similar definition (ESC/ESH, NICE, ACEP) Patient has both:… Read more

Acute Behavioural Disturbance / Excited Delirium

April 26, 2025

Most of us will have seen patients like this – agitated, aggressive and often with police or security pinning them down. High risk of Cardiovascular… Read more

Acute Heart Failure (AHF) – ESC

April 25, 2025

Patients presenting with AHF have a high mortality 4-10% in-hospital and 25-30% at 1yr, and 45% if re-admitted. So rapid diagnosis a treat is essential.… Read more

Urinary Retention

April 25, 2025

A common problem which affects 1 in 10 men between 70-79yrs and 1 in 3 men 80-89yrs (10M:F) Signs/Symptoms Unable to pass urine (may be… Read more

Hypomagnesaemia

April 25, 2025

Classification Normal: 1.1-0.7 Mild: 0.69-0.5 – No symptoms or non-specific symptoms, such as lethargy, muscle cramps, or muscle weakness Severe: <0.5 – Severe neurologic symptoms… Read more