Patients presenting with AHF have a high mortality 4-10% in-hospital and 25-30% at 1yr, and 45% if re-admitted. So rapid diagnosis a treat is essential.
AHF Triggers
there are many triggers for AHF, which if recognized and treated with help improve outcomes
- Cardiac: ACS, Arrhythmia, Aortic Dissection, Acute Valve Incompetence, VSD, Malignant Hypertension
- Respiratory: PE, COPD
- Infection: Pneumonia, Sepsis, Infective endocarditis
- Toxins/Drugs: Alcohol, Recreational drugs, NSAIDs, Steroids, Cardiotoxic meds
- Increased Sympathetic Drive: Stress
- Metabolic: DKA, Thyroid dysfunction, Pregnancy, Adrenal Dysfunction
- Cerebrovascular Insult
Presentations
Decompensated Heart Failure
Isolated Right Vent-Failure
Pulmonary Oedema
Cardiogenic Shock
Managment
Oxygen
Diuretic
Vasodilator
Inotropes
